1. 求AHP 層次分析法 英文文獻(有中文譯文更好)
管理風險
管理風險是普遍存在於民營企業中的。這是由於企業治理結構的不健全、管理的漏洞和失誤所帶來的。主要表現在:
(1)家長製作風。民營企業一般產權結構單一,管理中以個人忠誠度為管理紐帶的家長製作風盛行,組織機構頻繁變動,用人帶有感情色彩,決策者決策只憑經驗。
(2)內部控制制度不完善。由於產權關系的約束,民營企業難以建立規范科學的激勵和約束機制。不願用股權補償經驗者、獎懲沒有統一標准等其他直接或間接原因都妨礙建立有效的激勵和約束機制。
(3)目光短淺。多數民營企業都很重視有形資產和短期利益,而對一些無形資產考慮較少,例如品牌、企業文化等,這樣不利於企業長期發展。
(4)資源配置不佳。由於企業內部家長製作風的盛行,有些決策者在用人上過於相信親朋,造成權利盲目而無控制的下放,其業務運作、財務管理、資源分配各自獨立,缺乏優化資源配置的觀念,難以進行過程式控制制的評價和考核,資源浪費大。
2.2 經營風險
民營企業的經營風險是因為生產經營方面的各種原因給企業的盈利能力帶來的不確定性。「民轉軍」過程中的民營企業面臨的經營風險尤其特殊,主要表現在:
(1)規模不經濟。如果軍品一次性訂貨批量過小,會造成企業生產和經營規模上的不經濟,甚至可能陷入虧損;軍品訂貨間隔期長,企業不可避免地存在專用設備、人才等閑置浪費現象,影響企業的盈利能力。軍品生產成本高,如果企業付出的高昂生產成本不能得到合理補償,企業的盈利水平必然會受到嚴重影響。
(2)專用性強。包括專用性投資風險和軍品技術開發的風險。由於用於軍品生產的投資,通常被「鎖定」在軍品生產上,這樣軍品生產波動性較大的風險將轉移為企業投資風險。同時,在軍品的技術開發中,不僅需要投入巨額資金和大量的人力、物力,而且面臨失敗率極高的風險。
(3)進入和退出門檻高。軍品生產是高技術、高知識、高資本密集性生產,民營企業相對比較缺乏對軍品生產的技術和知識積累,且國防產業的實際成本和機會成本都比較高;民營企業長期按照商業規范和標准運作,一時難以適應特殊的軍用標准;軍品安全保密要求高,如進入軍工產業,要進行很多專用固定資產投資,導致退出門檻高。
(4)不平等。經濟地位不平等:民企可能不能優先獲得政府的軍品訂貨,在獲得專項資金和技術方面可能也不如國有軍工企業那樣及時;稅收方面也存在不合理制度。信息佔有不平等:由於國防科技工業的特殊性,很多需求信息不能讓民企佔有太多。而國有軍工企業可以憑借其與政府之間的特殊關系獲得較多的信息。
(5)技術不完善。軍品生產是高技術、高知識、高資本密集性生產,民營企業相對比較缺乏對軍品生產的技術和知識積累,從而導致了技術風險。
2.3 財務風險
財務風險是指企業在生產經營活動中,由於企業內部和外部各種不確定性因素的影響,企業的投資活動和籌資活動使企業財務狀況、經營成果和現金流量具有不確定性,從而使企業有遭受損失的可能性。對於民營企業來說,財務風險主要表現在以下幾個方面:
(1)籌資形式不確定。我國目前很多民營企業零負債經營,一方面是因為銀行對民營企業放貸過於苛刻,另一方面是我國的民營企業家缺乏企業財務風險管理理念。企業在達到最優負債規模時,財務風險是最小的,同時零負債也意味著高風險。偏離最優負債規模的程度越大,財務風險也隨之增加。民營企業中不確定的籌資形式,使籌資的實際結果與其目標之間存在較大偏差。投融資矛盾突出,過度的負債籌資面臨到期不能還本付息的風險
Risk management
Management of risk is commonly found in private enterprise. This is because the corporate governance structure is inadequate, the management of the loopholes and errors arising. Mainly reflected in:
(1) paternalistic. Property rights of private enterprises in general structure, the management of personal ties of loyalty to parents to manage the proction of wind prevailed, frequent changes in organization, people with emotional, just the experience of policy makers in decision-making.
(2) inadequate internal control system. Bound as a result of the relationship between property rights, private enterprises it is difficult to establish norms of scientific incentive and restraint mechanisms. Do not want to experience with stock-based compensation, there is no uniform standard incentive and other reasons, directly or indirectly, impede the establishment of an effective incentive and restraint mechanisms.
(3) short-sighted. Most private enterprises attach great importance to the tangible assets and short-term interests, and less on some intangible assets to consider, such as brand, corporate culture, this is not concive to long-term development of enterprises.
(4) the poor allocation of resources. Parents as a result of internal proction prevailing wind, and some policy makers believe in the people's friends and relatives too, resulting in no control of the blind the right to decentralize their operations, financial management, resource allocation separate, the lack of the concept of optimizing the allocation of resources, it is difficult to carry out process control evaluation and assessment, major waste of resources.
2.2 operational risks
Operational risks of private enterprises because of proction and management aspects of a variety of reasons for the profitability of enterprises brought about by uncertainty. "The people to the military" in the course of the operation of private enterprises face special risks in particular, mainly reflected in:
(1) scale. If the military one-time order quantity is too small, this will result in proction and operation of non-economic scale, and may even fall into a loss; military long lead times, inevitably there is a dedicated business equipment, idle waste of human resources, impact on the profitability of enterprises . Military proction costs are high, if the enterprises to pay the high cost of proction can not be reasonable compensation, corporate profits will inevitably be seriously affected.
(2) a dedicated and strong. Including investment-specific risks and the risk of military technology development. For military proction as a result of investment, are often "locked" in military proction, military proction so the risk of greater volatility will be transferred investment risk for enterprises. At the same time, military technology development, not only need to input huge amounts of money and a lot of manpower, material, and face the risk of very high failure rate.
(3) high threshold of entry and exit. Military proction is the high-tech, high knowledge, high capital-intensive proction, and private enterprises are relatively lack of military technology and the accumulation of knowledge, and the defense instry and the opportunity cost of the actual cost higher; long-term private sector norms and standards in accordance with the commercial operation, making it difficult to adapt to specific military standards; military security requirements, such as access to military instry, would involve a lot of dedicated investment in fixed assets, resulting from the high threshold.
(4) inequality. The unequal economic status: private enterprises may not be able to give priority to the Government's military orders, access to special funds and technology may not be as timely as the state-owned military enterprises; tax system there are also unreasonable. Unequal possession of information: as a result of the special nature of national defense science and technology instry, a lot of demand for private information should not be allowed to occupy too much. The state-owned military instrial enterprises and the Government by virtue of their special relationship between access to more information.
(5) technical imperfections. Military proction is the high-tech, high knowledge, high capital-intensive proction, and private enterprises are relatively lack of military technology and the accumulation of knowledge, resulting in a technical risk.
2.3 Financial Risk
Financial risk refers to enterprises in the proction and operation activities, as a result of a variety of internal and external uncertainties, corporate investment activities and fund-raising activities so that the financial situation of enterprises, operating results and cash flow uncertainty, so that enterprises there is the possibility of loss. For private enterprises, the financial risk mainly in the following areas:
(1) the form of uncertain funding. At present, many private enterprises of China's zero-liability management, on the one hand, because the lending banks to private enterprises are too harsh, on the other hand, China's private entrepreneurs lack the concept of enterprise financial risk management. Liabilities of enterprises in the optimal size of the financial risk is the lowest, zero at the same time also means that high-risk liabilities. Deviation from the optimal size of the extent of liability the greater the financial risk increases. Private enterprises in the form of uncertain funding, so that the actual results of financing its large deviation between the target. The obvious contradiction between the investment and financing, over-funding of liabilities faced by the risk of debt service e can not be
2. 在關於.net framework 3.5 membership問題
沒遇到過你說的許可權不夠的,還有一般我都不用本身membership,都是自己寫擴展的程序,他的用戶表太麻煩,增加資料庫不必要的開支
3. MembershipUser怎麼才能使用戶鎖定,只能get,不能set。我現在想把它設置它怎麼辦
那你在界面上控制不允許set
4. 咋關亞馬遜的prime membership,有個freeshipping的好處,人在美國,害怕在信用卡里扣掉79美元,有經驗的
亞馬遜的prime membership有一個月的試用期,可享受美國本土免費送貨的服務。一個月的試用期過後,Amazon 會自動從你的信用卡扣除$79的年費。所以你現在需要取消自動續費,只試用一個月,不過不用擔心,即使取消了Prime續費,這一個月的Prime你還是可以繼續使用的。
登錄後進入Your Account
setting,選擇Manage Prime Membership
點擊Do not renew即可關閉自動續費
5. 問有沒有什麼財政方面的英語詞彙 麻煩知道的告訴我一下,謝謝
Brokers´ Fidelity Insurance Scheme [BFI Scheme] 經紀忠誠保險計劃〔忠誠保險計劃〕
broker´s firm 經紀行
broker´s representative 經紀代表
brought to credit 入帳
Brussels Stock Exchange 布魯塞爾證券交易所
Brussels Tariff Nomenclature [BTN] 《布魯塞爾稅則分類目錄》
bucketing 「對敲」;利用顧客資金買空賣空
bucketing offence 「對敲」罪行
budget 財政預算案;預算
budget booklet 預算案小冊
Budget Committee [Securities and Futures Commission] 財政預算委員會〔證券及期貨事務監察委員會〕
Budget Concluding Speech 《財政預算案總結演詞》
budget cycle 財政預算案編制周期
Budget Day 財政預算案發表日
budget debate 財政預算案辯論
budget deficit 財政預算赤字
budget exercise 財政預算案編制工作
budget guideline 財政預算案准則;財政預算案指引
budget guideline ratio 財政預算案准則比率
budget proposal 財政預算案建議
budget revenue 財政預算案收入
budget revenue measure 財政預算案稅收措施;財政預算案收入措施
Budget Speech 《財政預算案演詞》
budget strategy 財政預算策略
budget surplus 財政預算盈餘
budgetary and cost control 預算與成本管制
budgetary criterion 開支預算準則
budgetary deficit 財政預算赤字
budgetary guideline 財政預算指引
budgetary implication 財政預算的影響
budgetary innovation 財政預算新措施
budgetary management 財政預算管理
budgetary policy 財政預算政策
budgetary position 財政預算狀況
budgetary strategy 財政預算策略
budgetary system 財政預算制度
budgeted cost 預算成本
budgeted for surplus 預算盈餘
building cost index 建造成本指數
built-in control of the money supply 貨幣供應的內在調節功能
built-in stabilizer 內在穩定因素;內在穩定措施
bulk buying 大宗采購;大批購買
bulk transfer 大額股票轉名
bull 看好股市者;「好友」;買空投機者
bull bond 牛債券
bull market 牛市;升市;旺市;多頭市場
bull position 長倉
bullion broker 金銀經紀
bullion market 金銀市場
Bundesaufsichtsamt fur den Wertpapierhandel 德國聯邦證券監管辦事處
buoy up 上升
buoyant 活躍;蓬勃;堅挺;保持高價〔股票〕
buoyant market 市況活躍
bursary 助學金;補助金
business 商業;業務
business address 營業地址
business association 業務協會
business bank account 銀行營業戶口
business concession 特許經營權
business cycle 商業周期;經濟周期;商業循環
business day 營業日;交易日
business expenses 營業開支;營業費用
business for profit 牟利業務
business hour 營業時間
business income 營業收入
Business Manager [Companies Registry] 業務經理〔公司注冊處〕
business of exchange currencies 貨幣兌換業務
business of taking deposits 接受存款業務
business plan 業務計劃
business record 業務記錄
business recovery 業務重整
business registration application form 商業登記申請表
business registration certificate 商業登記證
business registration fee 商業登記費
business registration inspector 商業登記督察
business registration number 商業登記號碼
Business Registration Office [Inland Revenue Department] 商業登記署〔稅務局〕
Business Registration Officer 商業登記主任
business sector 商界
business sentiment 營商意欲
business taxation 商業課稅
business turnover 營業額
business undertaking 商業經營
business-friendly 方便商界;有利營商;利於商界運作
buy 買入
buy low and sell high 低價買入而高價賣出
buy order 買盤
buyer´s market 買家市場
buyer´s price 買價;買方出價
buy-in 補進;補倉
buying rate 買入價;買入匯率
宏觀經濟的 macroeconomic
通貨膨脹 inflation
破產 insolvency
有償還債務能力的 solvent
合同 contract
匯率 exchange rate
緊縮信貸 tighten credit creation
私營部門 private sector
財政管理機構 fiscal authorities
寬松的財政政策 slack fiscal policy
稅法 tax bill
財政 public finance
財政部 the Ministry of Finance
平衡預算 balanced budget
繼承稅 inheritance tax
貨幣主義者 monetariest
增值稅 VAT (value added tax)
收入 revenue
總需求 aggregate demand
貨幣化 monetization
赤字 deficit
經濟不景氣 recession
a period when the economy of a country is not
successful, business conditions are bad, instrial
proction and trade are at a low level and there
is a lot of unemployment
經濟好轉 turnabout
復甦 recovery
成本推進型 cost push
貨幣供應 money supply
生產率 proctivity
勞動力 labor force
實際工資 real wages
成本推進式通貨膨脹 cost-push inflation
需求拉動式通貨膨脹 demand-pull inflation
雙位數通貨膨脹 double- digit inflation
極度通貨膨脹 hyperinflation
長期通貨膨脹 chronic inflation
治理通貨膨脹 to fight inflation
最終目標 ultimate goal
壞的影響 adverse effect
擔保 ensure
貼現 discount
蕭條的 sluggish
認購 subscribe to
支票帳戶 checking account
貨幣控制工具 instruments of monetry control
借據 IOUs(I owe you)
本票 promissory notes
貨幣總監 controller of the currency
拖收系統 collection system
支票清算或結算 check clearing
資金劃撥 transfer of funds
可以相信的證明 credentials
改革 fashion
被纏住 entangled
貨幣聯盟 Monetary Union
再購協議 repo
精明的討價還價交易 horse-trading
歐元 euro
公共債務 membership criteria
匯率機制 REM
儲備貨幣 reserve currency
勞動密集型 labor-intensive
股票交易所 bourse
競爭領先 frontrun
牛市 bull market
非凡的牛市 a raging bull
規模經濟 scale economcies
買方出價與賣方要價之間的差價 bid-ask spreads
期貨(股票) futures
經濟商行 brokerage firm
回報率 rate of return
股票 equities
違約 default
現金外流 cash drains
經濟人傭金 brokerage fee
存款單 CD(certificate of deposit)
營業額 turnover
資本市場 capital market
布雷頓森林體系 The Bretton Woods System
經常帳戶 current account
套利者 arbitrager
遠期匯率 forward exchange rate
即期匯率 spot rate
實際利率 real interest rates
貨幣政策工具 tools of monetary policy
銀行倒閉 bank failures
跨國公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)
商業銀行 commercial bank
商業票據 comercial paper
利潤 profit
本票,期票 promissory notes
監督 to monitor
傭金(經濟人) commission brokers
套期保值 hedge
有價證券平衡理論 portfolio balance theory
外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves
固定匯率 fixed exchange rate
浮動匯率 floating/flexible exchange rate
貨幣選擇權(期貨) currency option
套利 arbitrage
合約價 exercise price
遠期升水 forward premium
多頭買升 buying long
空頭賣跌 selling short
按市價訂購股票 market order
股票經紀人 stockbroker
國際貨幣基金 the IMF
七國集團 the G-7
監督 surveillance
同業拆借市場 interbank market
可兌換性 convertibility
軟通貨 soft currency
限制 restriction
交易 transaction
充分需求 adequate demand
短期外債 short term external debt
匯率機制 exchange rate regime
直接標價 direct quotes
資本流動性 mobility of capital
赤字 deficit
本國貨幣 domestic currency
外匯交易市場 foreign exchange market
國際儲備 international reserve
利率 interest rate
資產 assets
國際收支 balance of payments
貿易差額 balance of trade
繁榮 boom
債券 bond
資本 captial
資本支出 captial expenditures
商品 commodities
商品交易所 commodity exchange
期貨合同 commodity futures contract
普通股票 common stock
聯合大企業 conglomerate
貨幣貶值 currency devaluation
通貨緊縮 deflation
折舊 depreciation
貼現率 discount rate
歸個人支配的收入 disposable personal income
從業人員 employed person
匯率 exchange rate
財政年度fiscal year
自由企業 free enterprise
國民生產總值 gross antional proct
庫存 inventory
勞動力人數 labor force
債務 liabilities
市場經濟 market economy
合並 merger
貨幣收入 money income
跨國公司 Multinational Corproation
個人收入 personal income
優先股票 preferred stock
價格收益比率 price-earning ratio
優惠貸款利率 prime rate
利潤 profit
回報 return on investment
使貨幣升值 revaluation
薪水 salary
季節性調整 seasonal adjustment
關稅 tariff
失業人員 unemployed person
效用 utility
價值 value
工資 wages
工資價格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral
收益 yield
補償貿易 compensatory trade, compensated deal
儲蓄銀行 saving banks
歐洲聯盟 the European Union
單一的實體 a single entity
抵押貸款 mortgage lending
業主產權 owner's equity
普通股 common stock
無形資產 intangible assets
收益表 income statement
營業開支 operating expenses
行政開支 administrative expenses
現金收支一覽表 statement of cash flow
貿易中的存貨 inventory
收益 proceeds
投資銀行 investment bank
機構投資者 institutional investor
壟斷兼並委員會 MMC
招標發行 issue by tender
定向發行 introction
代銷 offer for sale
直銷 placing
公開發行 public issue
信貸額度 credit line
國際債券 international bonds
歐洲貨幣Eurocurrency
利差 interest margin
以所借的錢作抵押所獲之貸款 leveraged loan
權利股發行 rights issues
凈收入比例結合 net income gearing
6. 國際商務 這個專業的英文,,,謝謝哦
經濟好轉 turnabout
復甦 recovery
成本推進型 cost push
貨幣供應 money supply
生產率 proctivity
勞動力 labor force
實際工資 real wages
成本推進式通貨膨脹 cost-push inflation
需求拉動式通貨膨脹 demand-pull inflation
雙位數通貨膨脹 double- digit inflation
極度通貨膨脹 hyperinflation
長期通貨膨脹 chronic inflation
治理通貨膨脹 to fight inflation
最終目標 ultimate goal
壞的影響 adverse effect
擔保 ensure
貼現 discount
蕭條的 sluggish
認購 subscribe to
支票帳戶 checking account
貨幣控制工具 instruments of monetry control
借據 IOUs(I owe you)
本票 promissory notes
貨幣總監 controller of the currency
拖收系統 collection system
支票清算或結算 check clearing
資金劃撥 transfer of funds
可以相信的證明 credentials
改革 fashion
被纏住 entangled
貨幣聯盟 Monetary Union
再購協議 repo
精明的討價還價交易 horse-trading
歐元 euro
公共債務 membership criteria
匯率機制 REM
儲備貨幣 reserve currency
勞動密集型 labor-intensive
貢交易所 bourse
競爭領先 frontrun
牛市 bull market
非凡的牛市 a raging bull
規模經濟 scale economcies
買方出價與賣方要價之間的差價 bid-ask spreads
期貨(貢) futures
經濟商行 brokerage firm
回報率 rate of return
貢 equities
違約 default
現金外流 cash drains
經濟人傭金 brokerage fee
存款單 CD(certificate of deposit
營業額 turnover
資本市場 capital market
布雷頓森林體系 The Bretton Woods System
經常帳戶 current account
套利者 arbitrager
遠期匯率 forward exchange rate
即期匯率 spot rate
實際利率 real interest rates
貨幣政策工具 tools of monetary policy
銀行倒閉 bank failures
跨國公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)
商業銀行 commercial bank
商業票據 comercial paper
利潤 profit
本票,期票 promissory notes
監督 to monitor
傭金(經濟人) commission brokers
套期保值 hedge
有價證券平衡理論 portfolio balance theory
外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves
固定匯率 fixed exchange rate
浮動匯率 floating/flexible exchange rate
貨幣選擇權(期貨) currency option
套利 arbitrage
合約價 exercise price
遠期升水 forward premium
多頭買升 buying long
空頭賣跌 selling short
按市價訂購貢 market order
貢經紀人 stockbroker
國際貨幣基金 the IMF
七國集團 the G-7
監督 surveillance
同業拆借市場 interbank market
可兌換性 convertibility
軟通貨 soft currency
限制 restriction
交易 transaction
充分需求 adequate demand
短期外債 short term external debt
匯率機制 exchange rate regime
直接標價 direct quotes
資本流動性 mobility of capital
赤字 deficit
本國貨幣 domestic currency
外匯交易市場 foreign exchange market
國際儲備 international reserve
利率 interest rate
資產 assets
國際收支 balance of payments
貿易差額 balance of trade
繁榮 boom
債券 bond
資本 captial
資本支出 captial expenditures
商品 commodities
商品交易所 commodity exchange
期貨合同 commodity futures contract
普通貢 common stock
聯合大企業 conglomerate
貨幣貶值 currency devaluation
通貨緊縮 deflation
折舊 depreciation
貼現率 discount rate
歸個人支配的收入 disposable personal income
從業人員 employed person
匯率 exchange rate
財政年度fiscal year
企業 free enterprise
國生產總值 gross antional proct
庫存 inventory
勞動力人數 labor force
債務 liabilities
市場經濟 market economy
合並 merger
貨幣收入 money income
跨國公司 Multinational Corproation
個人收入 personal income
優先貢 preferred stock
價格收益比率 price-earning ratio
優惠貸款利率 prime rate
利潤 profit
回報 return on investment
使貨幣升值 revaluation
薪水 salary
季節性調整 seasonal adjustment
關稅 tariff
失業人員 unemployed person
效用 utility
價值 value
工資 wages
工資價格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral
收益 yield
補償貿易 compensatory trade, compensated deal
儲蓄銀行 savings banks
歐洲聯盟 the European Union
單一的實體 a single entity
抵押貸款 mortgage lending
業主產權 owner''''s equity
普通股 common stock
無形資產 intangible assets
收益表 income statement
營業開支 operating expenses
行政開支 administrative expenses
現金收支一覽表 statement of cash flow
貿易中的存貨 inventory
收益 proceeds
投資銀行 investment bank
機構投資者 institutional investor
壟斷兼並委員會 MMC
招標發行 issue by tender
定向發行 introction
代銷 offer for sale
直銷 placing
公開發行 public issue
信貸額度 credit line
國際債券 international bonds
歐洲貨幣Eurocurrency
利差 interest margin
以所借的錢作抵押所獲之貸款 leveraged loan
權利股發行 rights issues
凈收入比例結合 net income gearing
外貿中常見英文縮略詞
1 C
2 T/T(telegraphic transfer)電匯
3 D/P(document against payment)付款交單
4 D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單
5 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原產地證
6 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制
7 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)紙箱
8 PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、個、支等
9 DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元
10 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打
11 PKG(package)一包,一捆,一紮,一件等
12 WT(weight)重量
13 G.W.(gross weight)毛重
14 N.W.(net weight)凈重
15 C/D (customs declaration)報關單
16 EA(each)每個,各
17 W (with)具有
18 w/o(without)沒有
19 FAC(facsimile)傳真
20 IMP(import)進口
21 EXP(export)出口
22 MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的
23 MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度
24 M 或MED (medium)中等,中級的
25 M/V(merchant vessel)商船
26 S.S(steamship)船運
27 MT或M/T(metric ton)公噸
28 DOC (document)文件、單據
29 INT(international)國際的
30 P/L (packing list)裝箱單、明細表
31 INV (invoice)發票
32 PCT (percent)百分比
33 REF (reference)參考、查價
34 EMS (express mail special)特快傳遞
35 STL.(style)式樣、款式、類型
36 T或LTX或TX(telex)電傳
37 RMB(renminbi)人幣
38 S/M (shipping marks)裝船標記
39 PR或PRC(price) 價格
40 PUR (purchase)購買、購貨
41 S/C(sales contract)銷售確認書
42 L/C (letter of credit)信用證
43 B/L (bill of lading)提單
44 FOB (free on board)離岸價
45 CIF (cost,insurance
7. 在asp.net 4.0 裡面用自帶的Membership 請問是哪個方法向...
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最好的朋友是那一種能夠讓你坐在鞦韆上,不發一言,